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| About site: Libraries/Library and Information Science/Library History - Melvil Dewey: Father of Librarianship |
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| About site: http://www.booktalking.net/books/dewey/ |
Title: Libraries/Library and Information Science/Library History - Melvil Dewey: Father of Librarianship Biography of Dewey concentrating on his role in library history.
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Melvil Dewey: Father of Librarianship
Genrefiction Fantasy
This page was created in part for an Information Science 490 class project
entitled "Dead Germans."
The subject need not be dead or German, but must have spent a portion of their life in the role
of a librarian.
 Melville Louis Kossuth Dewey, the
youngest of five children, was born on December 10, 1851 to a poor family living in a small town
in northern New York. As a child, he felt drawn to mathmatics and enjoyed playing around with
classification systems at a young age. Being from an impovrished household, Melville's family
could not afford to mold his intelligence and send him to college. He waited until he was
nineteen to attend Amherst College. Like many college students today, Melville worked in the
college library to help fund his education. His affinity to the job enabled him to remain as a
librarian upon graduation in 1874. Following graduation, Melville worked towards improving
library classificaiton systems.
In Melville's day, classification
systems used a fixed design where each book was given a dedicted spot on the shelf. This proved
to be impractical as the books and shelves had to be reclassified with each addition to the
collection. Another problem was that no two libraries used the same system, thus making it
difficult for patrons and librarians to use different collections. Frustrated with these
problems, Dewey searched for a way to classify books rather than fixed locations and enable
libraries to use the same system. Dewey devised a system of arabic numbers and decimals to
catagorize books according to subject. He received permission from Amherst to apply his new
system to their library. Amherst published his system in a pamphlet entitled A
Classification and Subject Index for Cataloguing and Arranging the Books and Pamphlets of a
Library which is now in its 21st edition and contained in four volumes.
In 1876, Dewey left Amherst and
moved to Boston where he founded the Library Bureau. This library supply company was founded
"for the definite purpose of furnishing libraries with equipment and supplies of unvarying
correctness and reliability." He also was a founding member of the American Library
Association where he served such offices as secretary and president. In 1883 he became a
librarian at Columbia College and started a library school. His last professional library
position was that of the director of the New York State library until his negative views of
minorities forced him to leave.
Continuing his classification of
libraries, Dewey appealed to congress concerning the reorganizaton of the Library of Congress.
He wanted it to be expanded as a national library serving as a centerpoint to which other
libraries could refer.
In 1894, Dewey and his wife started
an exclusive resort in upstate New York. A main problem of the club was that they did not admit
anyone that other members found objectional. Minorities such as jews were not allowed. In 1905,
several prominant Jews demanded Dewey's dismissal, and he resigned a few months later. Dewey's
wife died in 1922 and he remarried several years later. He retired to Florida and continued to
involve himself in librarianship. Both he and his wife became involved in real estate and
developed many retirement resorts in New York and Florida. After retiring in Florida, Dewey
died from a cerebal hemorrage or a stroke on December 26, 1931.
1876: Published the Dewey Decimal classification system.
1876: Organized the first conference for librarians in Philadelphia which gave birth to the ALA.
1876: Was an original founders of the American Library Journal and served as the managing editor until 1881.
1885: Founded the New York Library Club.
1886: Founded the Spelling Reform Association.
1890: Elected President of ALA. Elected again in 1892.
1892: Re-elected President.
1897: Was the official delegate of the U.S. Government to the International Library Conference in London.
000 Generalities
100 Philosophy, parapsychology and occultism, psychology
200 Religion
300 Social sciences
400 Language
500 Natural sciences and mathematics
600 Technology (Applied sciences)
700 The Fine arts and decorative arts
800 Literature (Belles-lettres) and rhetoric
900 Geography, history, and auxiliary disciplines
 Dewey Decimal System Home Page
Dewpoint (CyberDewey)
"Do We" Really Know Dewey?
Introduction to the Dewey Decimal Classification
Let's Do Dewey!
Library Bureau
Mr. Dui's Topic Finder
The Library Bureau: Melvil Dewey
Chan, Lois Mai, John P. Comaromi, and Mohinder P. Satija. Dewey Decimal Classification: A Practical Guide.
Albany: Forest Press, 1994.
Gordon, Stephen ahd Judith Kramer-Greene. Melvil Dewey: The Man and the Classification. Albany: Forest Press, 1983.
Rider, Fremont. American Library Pioneers VI: Melvil Dewey. Chicago: American Library Association, 1972.
Vahn, Sarah. Melvin Dewey: His Enduring Presence in Librarianship. Littleton: Libraries Unlimited, 1978.
Content and Graphics By:
Kristen Patschke
This page was created on December 12, 2000.
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Biography | of | Dewey | concentrating | on | his | role | in | library | history. |
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