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Title: Encyclopedias/Subject Encyclopedias/Spartacus Educational/Artists and Architects - Frank Holl Biography and bibliography of "social realist" painter including comments on each work.
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Frank Holl
Frank Holl
Spartacus,
USA History,
British
History, Second
World War, First
World War, Germany,
British
Artists, USA Artists,
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Cartoonists & Illustrators,
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Email
Frank
Holl, the son of an engraver, was born in 1845. The Holl family were
active socialists and from an early age Frank was taught that he had
a responsibility to help change society. Frank's father was frustrated
by the fact that his work consisted of expressing other men's ideas
and he told his son that he wanted to be an independent artist but
had "been driven by a graving tool to earn his bread".
At the age of fifteen Frank Holl became a student at the Royal
Academy. His first large painting, A Mother and Child,
was a portrayal of working class poverty and like much of his work,
reflected his socialist upbringing. However, he was criticised by
his tutors for the political content of his work and he agreed to
paint biblical subjects to win the Academy's gold medal award. Afterwards
he told a friend that in future he would never paint pictures that
he did not "feel".
In 1868 Frank Holl won a travel scholarship with The Lord Gave,
and the Lord Hath Taken Away, a painting that illustrated a family
bereavement. When it was exhibited at the Royal
Academy in 1869 Queen Victoria attempted
to buy the painting but the original purchaser refused to sell it.
When Holl later painted another painting on the same theme, No
Tidings from the Sea, Victoria purchased it for a 100 guineas.
Holl's award involved a painting tour of Europe but after two months
he wrote to the Royal Academy from Italy
saying that he was resigning from the travel scholarship because he
wanted to concentrate on painting "the simple, somewhat rugged
home-life of the English people".
In 1869 joined the staff of the Graphic
magazine, an illustrated weekly edited by the social reformer, William
Luson Thomas. For the next five years Holl produced a series of
pictures that were used to illustrate stories in the magazine. Holl
worked on the magazine with other young artists such as Luke
Fildes and Hubert von Herkomer who
shared his political commitment. The three men often reworked their
engravings as large-scale oil paintings, and together they established
what became known as the social realist movement.
One of Holl's assignments for the Graphic
involved a visit to Newgate Prison. While he was there he saw a woman
and her children visiting a prisoner. He later used this incident
as the subject matter for what most critics believe his Holl's finest
painting, Newgate: Committed for Trial. In an attempt to capture
the emotion of captivity, Holl painting the picture inside Newgate
Prison.
When Newgate: Committed for Trial was shown at the Royal Academy
in 1878 it was virtually ignored, but a portrait that Holl had also
submitted was highly praised and as a result he received several commissions
from wealthy people who wanted their pictures painted. Holl, who was
now a married man with a family to support, decided like Luke
Fildes and Hubert von Herkomer to
concentrate on portrait painting.
Holl tried to find time to paint his social realist paintings and
to do so worked a seven day week. When Frank Holl died in 1888, at
the age of forty-three, his family and friends claimed that he had
died from overwork. His daughter later wrote: "It is not too
much to say that my father threw his life away by his utter inability
to rest from work."
Frank Holl, Newgate:
Committed for Trial (Royal Holloway College)
(1)
On the death of William Luson Thomas, the
artist Hubert von Herkomer wrote an account
of the importance of the Graphic
to social realists.
It is not too much to say that there was a visible change in the selection
of subjects by painters in England after the advent of The Graphic.
Mr. Thomas opened its pages to every phase of the story of our life;
he led the rising artist into drawing subjects that might never have
otherwise arrested his attention; he only asked that they should be
subjects of universal interest and of artistic value. I owe to Mr.
Thomas everything in my early art career.
Whether it was to do a twopenny lodging-house for women in St. Giles',
a scene in Petticoat Lane, Sunday morning, the flogging of a criminal
in Newgate Prison, an entertainment given to Italian organ grinders,
it mattered little. It was a lesson in life, and a lesson in art.
I am only one of many who received these lessons at the hands of Mr.
W. L. Thomas.
(2)
Walter Shaw Sparrow, The Magazine of Art (1891)
The characters are so real in this fine work (Newgate:
Committed for Trial) that
one feels there is a story to be told of ruined ambitions, of broken
home ties, of devotion scorned and trampled underfoot.
(3)
Just before his death Frank Holl wrote a letter to his wife explaining
why he needed to work so hard.
Hunger for work is always on me, and it is when I cannot satisfy this
hunger that I get so worn out. If only I could banish my tormenting
conscience for work; but that never lets me alone, and if I do nothing
I feel of no use.
Available from Amazon Books
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Biography | and | bibliography | of | "social | realist" | painter | including | comments | on | each | work. |
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http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jholl.htm
Frank Holl 2008 October
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Biography and bibliography of "social realist" painter including comments on each work.
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