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  About site: http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm.html

Title: Knowledge Management/Knowledge Representation/Semantic Web - cwm A general purpose data processor written in Python. Core language is RDF, extended to include rules, using RDF/XML or RDF/N3 serializations as required.
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cwm - a general purpose data processor for the semantic web W3C | Semantic Web | SWAPn3

Cwm

Discussion | Features | Related Work | Development | AcksCwm (pronounced coom) is a general-purpose data processor for the semanticweb, somewhat like sed, awk, etc. for text files or XSLT for XML. It is aforward chaining reasoner which can be used for querying, checking,transforming and filtering information. Its core language is RDF, extended toinclude rules, and it uses RDF/XML or RDF/N3 (see Notation3 Primer) serializations as required.Cwm is written in python; it is part of SWAP, a Semantic Web Application Platform. It is open sourceunder the W3Csoftware license.[Downloadcwm.tar.gz now]Quick Reference: Command line syntax Built-in functions Installation Change log, Plans, Bugs

Discussion -- places to talk about this

public-cwm-announce This low-traffic is for announcements about releases of cwm software, and monthly summaries of changes to the bug/RFE list. You might find the cwm-announce RSS feed handy. public-cwm-bugs This is for the announcement and brief discussion/clarification of cwm bugs or Requests For Enhancement (RFE). If responding to an existing bug, only use mailers which send the refernce headers so that the threads on this mail ling list work. For new threads, please make the subject line informative, and use the word "bug" or "RFE" as appopriate. The current plan is to review changes in this monthly and send it to the announce list. public-cwm-talk Discussion by users and/or developers of the use and abuse of project software. Semantic Web Interest group The RDF Interest group discussion list #swig irc channel with scratchpad/weblog

Features and Tutorial

The Semantic Web Tutorial UsingN3 covers features such as: Loading files in RDF/XML and/or N3, generating RDF or N3 files from the result. (The obscureboring parts of RDF/XML syntax, specifically reification and XML Literal parse type, arenot handled by the main parser). Pretty printing data so that anonymous nodes are used creatively to minimize the number of explicit existentials (generated Ids). Applying rules written in N3 to the data Filtering the data to the result of a particular query Generating arbitrary formats (using --strings) Using an internal knowledge of functions to resolve them within a query, including: Simple math and string operations Getting and parsing documents from the web Accessing command line arguments and environment variables Cryptography: hashing, generating keys, signing things and checking signatures. See also: Cwm command line argumentsreference.Other features are in development, and haven't been documented asthoroughly: Accessing the web to directly or indirectly resolve a query, including: Getting schemas for terms in the query Using metadata to point to definitive documents Looking up data in local or remote SQL servers Environment Variables CWM_RDF_PARSER rdflib2rdf or sax2rdf (default). Affects the choice of RDF parser module used by cwm.Security IssuesBe careful when using rules from an untrusted source. Rules can read data from the web, indirectly letting data out by the URIs they use. Rules can take up your resources such as processor time and memory. Rules can pick data up from within the web you have access to, including confidential files.Be carfeul even when using cryptography. I am not an expert but a fewthings to watch are: Allways think where the weakest link is. It is not always on the net. Where do you keep the private key, anyway? Beware of all forms of attack, including replay and man in the middle. Always sign some random junk as well as the critical data to prevent the reverse engineering of the key. Ask a crypto specialist to look over your stuff Make the techniques, rules, code. public. Public debugging is valuable. Trying to hide it from attackers by keeping it secret doesn't pay. This code is not guaranteed anyway, or made for production use. It is designed for prototyping new semantic web applications. Use at your own risk.About the name cwmOriginally, the name is from from "Closed World Machine" because itprocessed information in a limited space, cwm does not make anyassumptions about a closed world. Think of it as defined area but withopenings - like a valley.see also Sean Palmer's guide tocwm -- sometimes it is more up to date than this!Check out other programs which use the samelanguage: Euler - a backward-chaining reasoner by Jos de Roo. Euler will tell you whether a give set of facts and rules supports a give conclusion. EulerSharp - a C# port of Euler cwmclone - a partial clone of cwm by Bijan Parsia to XSB prolog engine - to demonstrate that conventional logica programming tools are efficent and straightforwradly adapted to semantic web work. Jena RDF toolkit now accepts N3 as well as RDF/XML (2003/2) RDF::Notation3 perl module (submission 10 Oct 2001 by Petr Cimprich ) Swish - N3 -capable semantic web code Haskell by Graham Kline (2003/6) Pychinko is a rete-based cwm clone - should be much faster.

Development

This swap code isopen source and available for those that want to play with it, but comes withno warranty. Using CVS from the public w3c CVS repository. Check out the whole tree to develop. This includes the test data - if you don't need that, delete the test subdirectory. Make a fresh directory where you want to put stuff from dev.w3.org. $ cvs -d:pserver:anonymous@dev.w3.org:/sources/public loginpassword? anonymous$ cvs -d:pserver:anonymous@dev.w3.org:/sources/public get 2000/10/swap From the web Get the files one by one. cwm.py is the main application file. You can browse the source files on the web, but this is not a practical way to install the system. In the following, we assume $SWAP expands to the place where you have code checked out. Test Driven Development (Don't trust the docs ;-)The best test of works is what has been tested. So the list of files inthe regression test defines the set offeatures which are generally checked on each checkin. Cwm developers agreethat all the tests have to pass before code is checked in. To run the tests,do make in the swap/test directory. We reckon to add a testfor a new bug, so that bugs don't recur in future versions.Each subdirectory of test has its own detailed.tests file. In that you canput tests for new features. Note that the test commands are all writted to berun in $SWAP/test.How to make a release Remember to cvs update to ensure you have any changes other people have done before running tests. A quick test that your code still works is cd $SWAP/test; make fast The test a release must pass before you make it is cd $SWAP/test; make pre-release Update the releases page with details of the new bug fixes and/or features. Edit $SWAP/Makefile Make sure the HTML files generated from any new .py files are added to the list HTMLS Change the version number if you are going to make a new tarball Code OverviewCwm developers agree to keep line lengths below 80 characters, though wehave some code that predates that agreement.llyn.py - The StoreAn in-memory store which does the inference. See the Formula class methodsfor a more or less conventional RDF API. A Forumula is a set ofstatements.notation3.py - Serializing/deserializaing RDF/N3Originally written by Dan Connolly, uses a basic RDF stream parserinterface, migrating to API Parses N3 Generates N3The command line form (alias n3 python notation3.py; n3 -help) allows RDFto be parsed and re-output.The module will also run as a CGI script to convert N3 to RDF M&S 1.0- by DanC magic. Sourcexml2rdf.py Parsing RDF/XMLBased on Python's xmllib, this parser is compatible with the RDF streaminterface of, notation3.py. It completes the square of parsers andgenerators. Defunct. Now use sax parser and sax2rdf.py. Parses RDFIt has a command line mode for self-test purposes. Sourcecwm_xxx.py - builtin modulesThese are quite easy to add to. Look at a few and clone a similar one tothe one you have made.Design issuesThe code above investigated and raised issues discussed in the followingdocuments. Notation 3 - an alternative RDF syntax Quantification implicit in anonymous nodesnot to mention RDFM&S and schema issues The question of quoting and BagIDs etc

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Dan Connolly for writing the first code and thereby introducing me to Python, and to him and Sean Palmer andMark Nottingham for writing built-in function modules. Eric Prud'hommeauxwrote the remote database query and mySQL interface. Sandro Hawke has madevarious contributions. Yosi Scharf engineered the cwm 1.0.0 release and fixedvarious bugs and added SPARQL support. Thanks to Sean for his guide to cwm, as well as n3p, whichis the basis for Cwm's Sparql parser.. Thanks for all on #RDFIG for beingeverything which is #RDFIG.Development of cwm is supported in part by funding from US DefenseAdvanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory,Air Force Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F30602-00-2-0593,"Semantic Web Development".

License

Cwm: http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm.htmlCopyright © 2000-2004 World Wide Web Consortium, (Massachusetts Instituteof Technology, European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics,Keio University). Parts of the Sparql parser are Copyright © Sean Palmer.All Rights Reserved. This work is distributed under the W3C¨ SoftwareLicense [1] in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE. [1] http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2002/copyright-software-20021231Historical stuff from this page Tim BL, with his director hat off $Id: cwm.html,v 1.75 2008/02/05 15:21:15 syosi Exp $
 

A

general

purpose

data

processor

written

in

Python.

Core

language

is

RDF,

extended

to

include

rules,

using

RDF/XML

or

RDF/N3

serializations

as

required.

http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm.html

cwm 2008 October

dvd rental

dvd


A general purpose data processor written in Python. Core language is RDF, extended to include rules, using RDF/XML or RDF/N3 serializations as required.

Rules

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